MPV measures the average size of platelets. MPV depends on the degree of stimulation of megakaryocyte dependent on thrombopoietic stress. Normal range for MPV is 8.9 to 11.8 femtoliters. Platelets are produced in the bone marrow by megakaryocytes, which are large precursor cells. Platelets play a role in clots formation following a break in vascular endothelium, prevent infection and promote healing.

 Conditions associated with High MPV:

• Bernard-Soulier Disease (giant platelet syndrome)
• Bone marrow stimulating drugs, such as erythropoietin or thrombopoietin
• Diabetes mellitus
• Genetic abnormalities in platelets
• Heart disease or artificial heart valves
• Hyperthyroidism
• Non-alcoholic liver disease
• Pre-eclampsia (toxemia of pregnancy) and HELLP syndrome
• Respiratory diseases
• Sepsis

 Conditions associated with Low MPV:

• Low platelet counts along with low MPV points toward bone marrow disorders that slow down or decrease the production of platelets, such as aplastic anemia.
• High platelet count along with low MPV often signifies an infection, inflammation, or cancer.
• Normal platelet count along with low MPV is common with chronic kidney failure.
• Low platelet counts along with low MPV points toward bone marrow disorders that slow down or decrease the production of platelets, such as aplastic anemia.

There are several conditions that may be associated with a low MPV and variable platelet counts as-

• Bone marrow failure
• Lupus
• Splenomegaly (an enlargement of the spleen), which often causes platelets to be trapped in the spleen Medications that suppress platelet formation, such as chemotherapy
• Hypothyroidism
• Iron deficiency anemia
• HIV/AIDS
• Increased MPV value is associated, among others, with hypertension
• Diabetes mellitus
• Renal failure
• Atrial fibrillation Elderly
• Obese patients
• Smokers